Indian Space Programme
Updated 10 Mar 2026
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- ISRO established: 1969 (replacing INCOSPAR 1962).
- First satellite: Aryabhata, 1975 (Soviet launch).
- First indigenous launch: SLV-3, 1980 (Rohini satellite).
- PSLV: Workhorse, polar/SSO, Chandrayaan-1, MOM.
- GSLV: Heavier satellites, GTO, indigenous cryogenic engine (CE-20), Chandrayaan-2/3, Gaganyaan.
- Chandrayaan-1: 2008, discovered water on Moon.
- MOM (Mangalyaan): 2013, Mars orbit in maiden attempt.
- Chandrayaan-3: 2023, soft-landed on lunar south pole (Pragyan rover).
- Aditya-L1: 2023, India's first solar mission (L1 point).
- Gaganyaan: Human spaceflight program, LVM3, crewed mission targeted by 2025.
- NavIC: India's indigenous navigation system (7 satellites).
- IN-SPACe: 2020, promotes/regulates private space sector.
- NSIL: 2019, commercial arm of DoS, aggregates demand for ISRO/private services.
- Space Policy 2023: Liberalizes space sector, defines roles for ISRO, NSIL, IN-SPACe.
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