Bioremediation — Definition

Definition

Bioremediation uses biological activity to transform contaminants or alter their environmental behaviour as part of a defined remediation objective. It may occur in place or after contaminated material is removed for treatment.

Organic compounds can undergo transformation, but a parent compound's decline does not establish complete detoxification. Metals cannot be destroyed as chemical elements by biological treatment, although their form, mobility or location can change.

Performance therefore requires evidence about relevant contaminants, products, residues and exposure pathways. Lower concentration alone may reflect dilution rather than removal or transformation, so the measured result must be interpreted carefully.