Energy Efficiency — Tech Evolutions

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2010	2010	This amendment introduced provisions for the Perform, Achieve and Trade (PAT) scheme, allowing for the trading of energy saving certificates (ESCerts). It also strengthened the powers of the Central Government to issue directions for energy conservation.	Significantly enhanced the market-based mechanisms for energy efficiency, providing a financial incentive for industries to exceed their energy saving targets and creating a compliance market for energy efficiency.
Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022	2022	A landmark amendment that mandated the use of non-fossil sources of energy by designated consumers, established a carbon market and carbon credit trading scheme, and expanded the scope of ECBC to include large residential buildings. It also promoted green hydrogen.	Broadened the scope of energy conservation to include decarbonization and green energy transition, introduced a carbon market for emissions reduction, and extended energy efficiency mandates to the residential building sector, significantly strengthening India's climate action framework.