IITs and IISc — Tech Evolutions

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
The Institutes of Technology (Amendment) Act, 2012	2012	This amendment brought eight new IITs (Bhubaneswar, Gandhinagar, Hyderabad, Jodhpur, Patna, Ropar, Indore, Mandi) established between 2008-2009 under the purview of the Institutes of Technology Act, 1961, declaring them as Institutions of National Importance.	Expanded the IIT network and ensured uniform governance and statutory recognition for the newly established institutions, enhancing their legal standing and autonomy.
The Institutes of Technology (Amendment) Act, 2016	2016	This Act further amended the 1961 Act to include six new IITs (Palakkad, Tirupati, Goa, Bhilai, Jammu, Dharwad) and converted the Indian School of Mines (ISM), Dhanbad, into an IIT, renaming it IIT (ISM) Dhanbad.	Increased the total number of IITs to 23, further decentralizing access to premier technical education and integrating a historically significant mining institute into the IIT system, broadening its scope.