Environment & Ecology·Environmental Laws
Ozone Layer Depletion — Environmental Laws
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Version 1Updated 6 Mar 2026
| Entry | Year | Description | Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| London Amendment | 1990 | Accelerated the phase-out schedules for CFCs and halons. Added carbon tetrachloride and methyl chloroform to the list of controlled substances. | Strengthened the Protocol's controls and expanded the list of regulated ODS, demonstrating early adaptability. |
| Copenhagen Amendment | 1992 | Further accelerated the phase-out of CFCs, halons, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform. Established phase-out schedules for HCFCs and methyl bromide. | Significantly tightened controls, recognizing the urgency of the problem and the need to address transitional substances like HCFCs. |
| Vienna Amendment | 1995 | Adjusted the phase-out schedules for HCFCs and methyl bromide, reflecting new scientific information and technological feasibility. | Refined the existing controls, showcasing the Protocol's scientific basis and flexibility. |
| Montreal Amendment | 1997 | Established a global licensing system for the import and export of new and used ODS. Banned trade in methyl bromide with non-Parties. | Aimed to prevent illegal trade and ensure better monitoring of ODS movements, enhancing compliance. |
| Beijing Amendment | 1999 | Tightened controls on the production and consumption of HCFCs. Added bromochloromethane to the list of controlled substances. | Further restricted HCFCs and brought another ODS under control, continuing the comprehensive approach. |
| Kigali Amendment | 2016 | Mandated a global phase-down of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are potent greenhouse gases but not ODS. Set differentiated phase-down schedules for developed and developing countries. | Expanded the Protocol's scope to address climate change, making it a powerful instrument for both ozone protection and [VY:ENV-03-04] climate change mitigation. A landmark in environmental governance. |