Climate Resilience — Environmental Laws

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
N/A (Constitutional)	1976 (42nd Amendment)	While no direct constitutional amendment specifically addresses 'climate resilience,' the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, introduced Article 48A (Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life) and Article 51A(g) (Fundamental duty to protect and improve the natural environment). These amendments laid the foundational constitutional mandate for environmental protection and improvement, which implicitly underpins all climate action, including resilience building. They signify a recognition of environmental stewardship as a state responsibility and a citizen's duty, creating the legal-ethical bedrock for subsequent environmental and climate policies.	Provided a constitutional basis for environmental legislation and policy, enabling the state to enact laws and implement programs aimed at environmental protection, pollution control, and ultimately, building resilience to environmental challenges like climate change. It shifted environmental concerns from a mere policy matter to a constitutional imperative.

Also build Paper II skills

Climate data, pollution metrics, and treaty timelines are natural practice for CSAT data interpretation and careful reading. CSAT hub.

• Data interpretation
• Correlation vs causation
• Estimation techniques