Enforcement Directorate — Prelims Questions

Consider the following statements about the Enforcement Directorate (ED): 1. ED can initiate money laundering investigation independently without any predicate offense 2. ED has the power to arrest suspects under PMLA without a warrant 3. Assets attached by ED can be confiscated only after conviction in the predicate offense 4. ED operates under the Ministry of Home Affairs Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following acts primarily governs the functioning of the Enforcement Directorate in money laundering cases?

In the context of PMLA provisions, what is meant by 'proceeds of crime'?

Consider the following statements about ED's organizational structure: 1. ED is headed by the Director of Enforcement who holds the rank of Secretary 2. ED has five operational zones across India 3. ED reports administratively to the Department of Economic Affairs 4. ED officers have the same powers as police officers during investigation Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The Supreme Court case 'Vijay Madanlal Choudhary vs Union of India (2022)' is significant because it: