EIA Process — Prelims Strategy
Prelims Strategy
For Prelims, the strategy for EIA should be centered on factual accuracy and conceptual clarity. Begin by thoroughly understanding the statutory basis: the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, as the parent act, and the EIA Notification, 2006, as the operational framework.
Memorize the key stages of the EIA process (Screening, Scoping, Baseline Data, Impact Prediction, Mitigation/EMP, Public Consultation, Appraisal, Decision, Monitoring) and the mnemonic SCAPE-M. Pay close attention to the categorization of projects (Category A vs.
B) and the corresponding authorities responsible for clearance (EAC/MoEF&CC for A; SEAC/SEIAA for B). Understand the specific roles of bodies like MoEF&CC, EAC, SEIAA, SEAC, and State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs).
Key facts about public consultation – which projects require it, and which are exempt – are frequently tested. Familiarize yourself with landmark judgments like Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum and T.N.
Godavarman, focusing on the principles they established (e.g., Polluter Pays, Precautionary Principle). Recent developments, such as the PARIVESH portal and the key contentious provisions of the Draft EIA Notification 2020, are high-yield areas.
Create flashcards for definitions of key terms like 'scoping,' 'EMP,' and 'baseline data.' Practice MCQs that test your understanding of the sequence of stages, the roles of different bodies, and the legal principles involved.
Vyyuha's Exam Radar suggests that questions often involve identifying incorrect statements about the process or matching authorities with their functions.