Laws of Chemical Combination — Prelims Questions

When $10.0,\text{g}$ of calcium carbonate ($CaCO_3$) is heated strongly, it decomposes to produce $5.6,\text{g}$ of calcium oxide ($CaO$) and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$). According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, what is the mass of carbon dioxide produced?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the Law of Definite Proportions?

Nitrogen and oxygen combine to form two different compounds. In the first compound, $14,\text{g}$ of nitrogen combines with $16,\text{g}$ of oxygen. In the second compound, $14,\text{g}$ of nitrogen combines with $32,\text{g}$ of oxygen. Which law of chemical combination is illustrated by this data?

Under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, $100,\text{mL}$ of hydrogen gas reacts completely with $50,\text{mL}$ of oxygen gas to produce $100,\text{mL}$ of water vapor. This observation is consistent with which law?

Element X combines with element Y to form two compounds, $XY$ and $XY_2$. If $10,\text{g}$ of X combines with $20,\text{g}$ of Y to form $XY$, and $10,\text{g}$ of X combines with $40,\text{g}$ of Y to form $XY_2$, what is the ratio of masses of Y that combine with a fixed mass of X?

Which of the following sets of data best illustrates the Law of Reciprocal Proportions?